Vocabulary - Matter

VOCABULARY - MATTER

Matter: It is anything that has mass and takes up space (volume).

Properties: Characteristics of the matter.

Volume: It is the space that an object occupies.

Mass: It is the amount of matter there is in an object.

Solubility: It is the ability to dissolve into another substance.

Conductivity: It is how easy it is for the electricity to pass through a material.

Elasticity: It is the ability to be stretched and then return to its original shape.

Magnetism: It is an invisible force that causes objects to attract or repel one another. Magnets.

Heat: It is energy that can transfer from one matter to another. The hotter matter heats the colder one until the temperature is the same.

States of matter: Matter can be in three different states: Solid, liquid or gas.

Liquid: It doesn’t have its own shape but keeps the same volume. It adapts to the container that it is in.

Solid: It has its own shape. It always has the same volume because the shape doesn’t change.

Gas: It doesn’t have the same shape and doesn’t keep the same volume. We can reduce its volume if we compress it.

Melting: It is when a solid change to a liquid. It needs to be heated. 

Evaporation: It is when a liquid change into gas. It needs to be heated. 

Freezing: It is when a liquid change into solid. It needs to be cooled. 

Condensation: It is when a gas change into liquid. It needs to be cooled.

Mixture: It contains two or more substances.

Pure substance: It contains one substance.

Homogenous: A mixture in which we cannot distinguish its components.

Heterogenous: A mixture in which we can distinguish its components

Distillation: This method separates homogeneous mixtures into two liquids. The mixture is heated, the first liquid to evaporate condenses in a cold tube. 

Filtration: This method separates heterogeneous mixtures of a liquid and a solid. The mixture goes through a filter that removes the solid.

Evaporation: This method separates homogeneous mixtures of a liquid and a solid. The mixture is heated until the liquid evaporates.

Decantation: This method separates heterogeneous mixtures of two liquids. The heavier liquid is at the bottom and comes out first when you open the tap.

Reversible: Matter that returns to its original state.

Irreversible: Matter that doesn’t return to its original state.